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The University of Pretoria, founded 110 years ago, consists of seven campuses, a business school, and an academic hospital and offers 1,800 academic programs to 53,000 students. The university uses hybrid and inquiry-based learning, assessment & accreditation, and learning analytics to promote higher levels of success for students.
By 1840 blackboards were manufactured commercially, smoothly planed wooden boards coated with a thick, porcelain-based paint. In the 20thcentury, blackboards were mostly porcelain-enameled steel...
All Day Parent/Teacher Conferences - Two-hour late arrival - No morning ECI or PreK. March 8. All Day Parent/Teacher Conferences -Two-hour early dismissal - No afternoon ECI or PreK. 11:30 AM - 12:30 PM Equity Committee Meeting. March 14. 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM Budget Committee Meeting. 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM Public Workshop. March 16.
Teachers now had a flexible and versatile visual aid, a device that was both textbook and blank page, as well as a laboratory, and most importantly, a point of focus. The blackboard illustrates and is illustrated. Students no longer simply listened to the teacher; they had reason to look up from their desks.
The blackboard is a recent innovation. Erasable slates, a cheap but durable substitute for costly paper and ink, had been in use for centuries. Students could practice reading and writing and math on their slates, in the classroom or at home.
The chalk with which we write on boards isn’t actual chalk but gypsum, the dihydrate form of calcium sulfate. Gypsum is found naturally and can be used straight out of the ground in big chunks, but it can also be pulverized, colored, and then compressed into cylinders.
James Pillans, headmaster and geography teacher at the Old High School in Edinburgh, Scotland, is credited with inventing the first modern blackboard when he hung a large piece of slate on the classroom wall. In America, the first use of a wall-mounted blackboard occurred at West Point in the classroom of instructor George Baron.
Although chalkboards are still common in schools, especially in older schools, newer schools today tend to use the dry-erase board for its ease of use and because it eliminates chalk dust contamination in the classroom and avoids the need to have students clean erasers, a common chore in earlier days. Some critics, however, argue that the slickness ...
Few people realize that the classroom blackboard is one of the most revolutionary educational tools ever invented. And it may be hard to hard to fathom that blackboards as we know them today were unknown until relatively recent times. The invention of the blackboard had an enormous impact on classroom efficiency.
At the end of the 18th century, students in Europe and America were still using individual slates made of actual slate or pieces of wood coated with paint and grit and framed with wood. Paper and ink were expensive but slate and wood were plentiful and cheap, making them the economical option.