component agent, iblackboard blackboard

What are the components of a blackboard-system application?

To build complete and complex eLearning systems, eLearning engineers are used to applying standards that facilitate sharing information as well as distributed service-oriented architectures that provide reuse and interoperability by means of component ...

What is a blackboard in a control shell?

Jurado et al. (2012) proposed a blackboard based architecture to support component and agent based heterogeneous eLearn-ing systems. This architecture is aimed at …

How to create a blackboard in a computer program?

If the vector value has been set (and not cleared), this function returns true (indicating that the value should be valid). If it's not set, the vector value is invalid and this function will return false. (Also returns false if the key specified does not hold a vector.) Target is Blackboard Component. Set Value as Bool.

What happened to Blackboard AI systems?

Jul 01, 2012 · Blackboard architecture to integrate components and agents in heterogeneous distributed eLearning systems: An application for learning to program - ScienceDirect Journal of Systems and Software Volume 85, Issue 7, July 2012, Pages 1621-1636

What is the purpose of cyber threat intelligence sharing?

The Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) sharing mechanism is an effective means to improve the emergency-response ability of the protection party. However, currently, there are no effective sharing schemes in the community network to facilitate cross-sector threat intelligence sharing. This paper presents a collaborative threat intelligence sharing mechanism based on the blackboard model, which can be used to identify potential risks, prevent cyber attacks at an early stage, and facilitate community incident response. According to the China National Standard “Cyber security threat information format”, we divide threat intelligence sharing into routine and attack-specific threat intelligence sharing. Also, we design an attack-specific threat intelligence sharing module based on the blackboard model and describe the sharing process. Finally, we design the blackboard monitoring mechanism as a Multi-Agent System (MAS) to realize many tasks in the sharing process. Our scheme is illustrated by several CTI sharing scenarios in the community.

What is distributed decision making architecture?

An architecture for distributed decision making and command / control, which is based on an extrapolation of the Blackboard architectural style , is presented. The proposed architecture utilizes boundary rules as connection / coordination points between multiple blackboards, allowing a distributed knowledge base to span multiple physical systems, while minimizing data duplication and data replication communications. When a boundary node is asserted, this is replicated to all other blackboards containing this node. Network state update information is, thus, limited to updating boundary node status and updates regarding system status (i.e., a system being detected by other systems as offline or back online, etc.). This paper provides an overview of the proposed architecture and its implementation. It describes several possible implementation scenarios for the proposed concept and compares its performance, under a theoretical scenario, to other distributed command / control approaches. Through this work, the efficacy of the proposed technique is demonstrated, from a communications requirement reduction perspective.

What is e-learning?

E-learning is the synthesis of multimedia and social media platforms powered by Internet and mobile technologies. Great popularity of e-learning is encouraging governments and educational institutions to adopt and develop e-learning cultures in societies in general and universities in particular. In traditional e-learning systems, all components (agents and services) are tightly coupled into a single system. In this study, we propose a new architecture for e-learning with two subsystems, namely, e-learning and e-testing. The motivation of the research is to improve the effectiveness of the learning process by extracting relevant features for elastic learning and testing process. We employ a multi-agent system because it contains five-layer architecture, including agents at various levels. We also propose a novel method for updating content through question and answer between e-learners and intelligent agents. To achieve optimization, we design a system that applies various technologies, which guarantee various dynamic features for e-learning systems, such as intelligence, distributed nature, adaptive attitude, interaction, accessibility, and security. Agent assisted e- learning enable the users to collect the quantifiable and sensible material; examine, and distribute customized knowledge from multiple e-learning sources. Intelligent agents, being program helper or assistants, are deployed at different levels of abstraction in this architecture to manage information overload and create environment for learners. Moreover, this proposed system is designed by keeping in view several characteristics specific to e-learning system such as interaction, personalization, adaptation, intelligence, interoperability, accessibility and security. The architecture is designed to support instructional design, to retrieve relevant learning materials, to process and analyses data to enable meaningful e-learning recommendations for instructors and learners by considering all issues that existing e-learning architectures don’t address. Most of the existing e-learning architectures don’t consider all the features in a single system so there is a need for a generic architecture that should support all the features to make the e-learning system more efficient. The outcome of this approach is to provide flexible and lightweight systems for e-learning environments.

How do eLearning engineers work?

To build complete and complex eLearning systems, eLearning engineers are used to applying standards that facilitate sharing information as well as distributed service-oriented architectures that provide reuse and interoperability by means of component integration. These concepts lead us to a Component-based Development Process that will allow us to implement tools that give full support to the teaching/learning process, taking advantage of the synergy effect created by the integration of the different components. Thus, throughout this article we analyse the proposals from the most relevant consortia concerned with eLearning standards, showing their service oriented approaches and the middleware technologies which can be used to implement them. This analysis will demonstrate that the use of middleware technologies that use the definition of services' interface can limit the reuse and interoperability requisites desired by the main standards consortia. Then, we will show a proposal which tries to solve this shortfall, using a blackboard-based architecture for integrating and communicating heterogeneous distributed components, as well as a user environment that also allows us to perform component integration. As an example, we will demonstrate how we have built an application for learning to program by applying our approach and following a Component-based Development Process to implement different components (services, agents, clients, etc.) that integrate it. Hence, we will argue that using blackboard architecture and a Component-based Development Process helps us to solve the identified shortcomings. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

What is computing literacy?

Basic "computing literacy" is said to be deemed necessary for all citizens, and provides an opportunity to prepare, over longer periods of time, future computing engineers. The iProg Project intends to achieve computing literacy research objectives by means of a number of applications for Programming Education, based on different techniques for advanced Computer-Human Interaction and visualization, including augmented reality and gesture-based interaction. The evaluation of Usability and User Experience of these new forms of interaction will require the use of advanced interaction techniques, including eye tracking and the gathering of biometric information.

What is LMS in education?

Taking into account that there is not one unique tool that covers the entire learning/teaching process, an ideal eLearning scenario must use several specific tools for precise learning tasks. If we want to promote autonomous active learning by means of Personal Learning Environments (PLE) or extrapolate this feature to the new tendency of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), this scenario is not only desirable but also necessary. Nevertheless, as the eLearning environment scales with the integration of more tools, we have to face communication and architectural issues. This paper exposes the solution we implemented by means of a centralized access point constituted by an LMS, an architecture based on Tuple Spaces , and the use of eLearning IMS-LTI specification to allow communication and information exchange among the different services and components of a system whose aim is to help students develop programming skills.

What is Section 3 of the Blackboard Architecture?

The goal with the analysis was to examine the suitability of a blackboard-based architecture (Section 3) in order to build heterogeneous eLearning systems that allow the integration of components (services and agents), as well as the integration of those elements that constitute the user environment following the recommendations of the main eLearning Consortia.

What is middleware in eLearning?

Most of the middleware mentioned so far takes as a starting point a standard interface definition of the services that will compose an eLearning system. This principle facilitates the implementation of environments from different educational and computational paradigms (Virtual Learning, Blended Learning, Mobile Learning, etc.).

How do eLearning engineers work?

To build complete and complex eLearning systems, eLearning engineers are used to applying standards that facilitate sharing information as well as distributed service-oriented architectures that provide reuse and interoperability by means of component integration. These concepts lead us to a Component-based Development Process that will allow us to implement tools that give full support to the teaching/learning process, taking advantage of the synergy effect created by the integration of the different components. Thus, throughout this article we analyse the proposals from the most relevant consortia concerned with eLearning standards, showing their service oriented approaches and the middleware technologies which can be used to implement them. This analysis will demonstrate that the use of middleware technologies that use the definition of services’ interface can limit the reuse and interoperability requisites desired by the main standards consortia. Then, we will show a proposal which tries to solve this shortfall, using a blackboard-based architecture for integrating and communicating heterogeneous distributed components, as well as a user environment that also allows us to perform component integration. As an example, we will demonstrate how we have built an application for learning to program by applying our approach and following a Component-based Development Process to implement different components (services, agents, clients, etc.) that integrate it. Hence, we will argue that using blackboard architecture and a Component-based Development Process helps us to solve the identified shortcomings.

What is cole programming?

COLE-Programming implements a set of services and tools (chat, forum and poll) to perform information exchanges among the students who are working on a group programming assignment. The use of these tools will enrich the programming activities, allowing the use of the system in collaborative learning environments. Furthermore, COLE-Programming implements a set of features explicitly for programming, namely: (a) message filtering in forums, depending on the type (problem to solve, solution proposal, discussion, etc.); (b) code, warning and error messages exchange; (c) collaboration statistics visualisation, like number of contributions for a specific user in each tool, participation percentages, other users with which the user has to collaborate or interchange information, etc.

What is WBE in education?

Nowadays, the application of Web-Based Education (WBE) environments implies that groups such as IEEE LTSC ( http://ltsc.ieee.org ), IMS Global Learning Consortium ( http://www.imsglobal.org) or ADL ( http://www.adlnet.org) work to provide a set of standards allowing reusability and interoperability in the eLearning industry, setting the standard base where engineers and developers must work to achieve eLearning systems integration. That is, the current eLearning environments seek to promote reuse and allow interoperability not only among systems, but also among components. Therefore, we will be able to build tools that support the whole teaching/learning process by means of a synergistic effect achieved as a result of the integration of different components and services ( IMS, 2003a, IMS, 2003b, IMS, 2009, IMS, 2005, IMS, 2010 ).

What is a blackboard system?

A blackboard system is the central space in a multi-agent system. It's used for describing the world as a communication platform for agents. To realize a blackboard in a computer program, a machine readable notation is needed in which facts can be stored. One attempt in doing so is a SQL database, another option is the Learnable Task Modeling Language (LTML). The syntax of the LTML planning language is similar to PDDL, but adds extra features like control structures and OWL-S models. LTML was developed in 2007 as part of a much larger project called POIROT ( Plan Order Induction by Reasoning from One Trial ), which is a Learning from demonstrations framework for process mining. In POIROT, Plan traces and hypotheses are stored in the LTML syntax for creating semantic web services.

How does a blackboard work?

A blackboard system is an artificial intelligence approach based on the blackboard architectural model, where a common knowledge base, the "blackboard", is iteratively updated by a diverse group of specialist knowledge sources, starting with a problem specification and ending with a solution. Each knowledge source updates the blackboard with a partial solution when its internal constraints match the blackboard state. In this way, the specialists work together to solve the problem. The blackboard model was originally designed as a way to handle complex, ill-defined problems, where the solution is the sum of its parts.

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Why use a blackboard?

At this stage, we mainly use our blackboard to support exploratory programming . However, blackboard systems have a real potential for the co-ordination of multiple agents: a central controller helps keeping the agent internal complexity tractable, while being compatible with various paradigms for agent communication. The fact that blackboards maintain explicit data representations also offers perspectives for enhancing user feedback, for instance by generating natural language messages to the user.

What is ACL in science?

The structure of an agent communication language (ACL) is largely constrained by the agents’ “cognitive” abilities. In our experiments agents have elementary perceptive abilities from which they can generate messages. These perceptive abilities are illustrated in the figures in the Example section, which show the development interface for the system.

What is RTS in gaming?

Simulating large numbers of agents using limited resources is a recurring challenge in computer games. Real-time strategy (RTS) games typically involve the simulation of large numbers of Non-Player Characters (NPCs) whose behaviours must be coordinated, whether to cooperate with, or oppose, the player.