Flashcards in Chapter 15: Disorders and Conditions Resulting From Trauma: Overview Deck (10) Loading flashcards... 1. physical and psychological injury that is derived from external force or violence; self-inflicted, accidental, or the result of violence.
a) tissue damage from point of entry to point of exit, muscle contractions (person thrown from source), lacerations, head trauma, fractures. Can also lead to cardiac dysrhythmias and damage to the PNS. b) Unconscious state, not breathing. Can lead to cardiac arrest. Burn where metal was or moisture filled places (groin and axilla).
Start studying Chapter 15; Disorders and Conditions Resulting from Trauma. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Start studying Disorders and Conditions Resulting from Trauma - Chapter 15. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Crushing Injuries. Injury by an object that causes compression of the body. This form of injury is common following a natural disaster or after some form of trauma from a deliberate attack. Common concerns after an injury of this type are rhabdomyolysis and crush syndrome.
Hyperthermia. A dangerously overheated body, usually in response to prolonged, hot, humid weather. Hypothermia. The condition of having an abnormally low body temperature, typically one that is dangerously low.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. A numbness and tingling in the hand and arm caused by a pinched nerve in the wrist. Wrist anatomy, underlying health conditions, and patterns of hand use can contribute to this condition.
Breathing difficulty, facial swelling, dizziness, confusion, and hives are symptoms of such a reaction. Most go away on their own. Common treatments are for symptom relief and include pain relievers, ice packs, and soothing lotions. Those that trigger a severe allergic reaction may require emergency care.
Those that break the skin can become infected. If someone cuts his or her knuckles on another person's teeth, as might happen in a fight, this is also considered to be this kind of injury. And a cut on the knuckles from your own teeth, such as from a fall, is considered to be this kind of injury. Snakebites.
Call 911 or a local emergency number if the source of the burn is a high-voltage wire or lightning. Rare but life-threatening symptoms include severe burns, muscle pain and contractions, seizures, and unconsciousness.
Rattlesnake, copperhead, coral, and water moccasin snakes. List four species of poisonous snakes found in the United States. Non-venomous snakebites tend to leave a row of several small puncture wounds from many teeth; vs. the two typical fang puncture wounds left by venomous snake bites.
In Module 15, we will discuss matters related to trauma-related disorders to include their clinical presentation, prevalence, comorbidity, etiology, assessment, and treatment options. Our discussion will include PTSD, acute stress, and adjustment disorders. We will also distinguish between stressors and trauma and list common types of both. Adverse childhood events will be described. Be sure you refer Modules 1-3 for explanations of key terms (Module 1), an overview of the various models to explain psychopathology (Module 2), and descriptions of the various therapies (Module 3).
Trauma in childhood can take many different forms. Childhood trauma may either be a trauma that is unrelated to specific maltreatment such as death of a loved one, a natural disaster, and other adverse childhood events (see ACE discussion below). or it may be specific to maltreatment.
One way that individuals will avoid these memories is by avoiding physical stimuli such as locations, individuals, activities, or even specific situations that trigger the memory of the traumatic event. The third category experienced by individuals with PTSD is negative alterations in cognitions or mood.
A stress disorder occurs when an individual has difficulty coping with or adjusting to a recent stressor. Stressors can be any event- either witnessed firsthand, experienced personally, or experienced by a close family member- that increases physical or psychological demands on an individual. Some stressful events are not considered traumatic. For example, having a minor fender-bender while driving is not likely. However, when a stressor is significant enough that it poses a threat, whether real or imagined, to the individual or loved one, we reach a point of potential trauma. That is, a traumatic event is considered to be a “frightening, dangerous, or violent event that poses a threat to a child’s [or individual’s] life or bodily integrity. Witnessing a traumatic event that threatens life or physical security of a loved one…” is also considered to be defined as a potentially traumatic event (NCTSN, n.d.a). While many people experience similar stressors throughout their lives, only a small percentage of individuals experience significant maladjustment to the event that psychological intervention is warranted.
Children’s Advocacy Centers (CACs) are designed to improve a child’s experience with investigations following abuse. The first CAC was established in 1985. Before CACs, children would have to disclose their abuse to several different individuals (e.g., first the police, then a doctor, then a social worker, investigator, and counselor). With the implementation of a CAC, multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) were designed. MDTs are comprised of several professionals including but limited to law enforcement, medical professionals, mental health providers, child protective services, victim advocates, and legal prosecutors. The idea was that, a child would complete one forensic interview with multiple team members viewing the interview (either live or videoed). A forensic interview is a recorded interview with the goal to allow a child to provide information about their experiences of abuse in a non-leading and supportive method (National Children’s Advocacy Center, n.d.). The forensic interview is conducted by a trained individual and is videoed so that it can be used in litigation and does not require the child to testify or recount abuse in court. This reduced the number of times that a child had to disclose their abuse/trauma from, on average to 8 different people, to 1 time. CACs appear to improve a child and caregivers’ satisfaction with the investigation process (Jones, Cross, Walsh, Simone, 2007). The CAC team also works to connect the child and family with mental health and other needed or appropriate support services following their initial contact.
Neglect is the most common form of childhood maltreatment followed by physical abuse. Early childhood trauma is trauma that occurs in very young children. Typically, people have a misperception that if trauma occurs before a child can remember it, then it does not impact them. However, this is incorrect.
Adjustment disorders are fairly common as they describe individuals who are having difficulty adjusting to life after a significant stressor. In fact, in a psychiatric hospital, adjustment disorders account for roughly 50% of the admissions, ranking number one for the most common diagnosis (APA, 2013).